Carburetor



Sept.

J. W. SWAN CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 15. 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sent. 16 1924.

CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 15 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 16, 1924.

units srrss asers JOHN W. vSWAN, 0Z3 .STAIVCFOR-D, CONNECTICUT.

CARBURET'OR.

Application filed September 15, 1919. Serial No. 323,870.

To all wit-0m it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. SWAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stamford in the county of F airfield and State of flonnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbu retors, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

The invention relates to a system of carburation.

With present day fuels and under normal running conditions of an internal combustion engine, I have discovered that much of the fuel introduced to the intake manifold of the engine is not in a thoroughly vaporized condition or consists of ungasified liquid particles of fuel. These ungasified particles of fuel are carried'in the vaporized charge, and should be removed therefrom before the introduction of the charge'to the engine cylinders, the ungasified particles be ing the source of much trouble in the operation of engines, lowering'or impairing the efiiciency thereof and generally producing objectional. results if permitted to enter the cylinders.

It is therefore, an object of the present in vention to provide a carbureting apparatus in which all liquid or ungasified particles of the fuel, contained within a vaporized charge being introduced to an. engine, are trapped and removed from the gaseous vapor prior to its introduction to the engine. WVith this conception in mind,

the invention consists of a carbureting.

system in which heated air is drawn tothe carburetor by the suction of the engine pistons, which air passes around the engine manifold prior to the time it is delivered to the carburetor to be mixed with fuel in troduced thereto. The mixture of fuel and air from the carburetor is then conducted through a passage surrounded by the air on its way to the carburetor, and any particles of fuel unvaporized in the gaseous vapor are trapped and the incoming air surrounding the vapor conduit acts upon: these trapped ungasified particles, blowing the same again into the vapor conduit bI'1I1g' ing about a complete vaporization thereof from which point they are carried withthe mixture to the cylinder.

In carrying out the present invention, the

heated air is conducted to a heating chamber surrounding a portion of the carburetor manifold or vapor conducting conduit 'to be ultimatelydelivered to the carburetor.

This heated air in passing through the chamber servesto prevent condensation of the vaporized fuel on its way to the engine. cylinders, and should. any of the fuel remain in a liquid or ungasified state after passing from the carbureting chamber into the manifold, these solid particles are trapped therein and redelivered to the man ifold under the influence of the heated air current passing around the manifold. This current serves to blow the trapped liquid particles of fuel back into the vaporized mixture, bringing about a thorough vaporization of the liquid particles so that the mixture, as fed to the engine, is always in the proper vaporized formation and free from liquid or ungasified particles of fuel.

In the accompanying drawings, '1 have shown the preferred embodiinentsof nry iiivention, butit will, of course, be understood that many changes can be made Without departing from the spirit thereof.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a view with parts in section showing the preferred form of the device.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a portion of a modified form.

Figsi 3- la5 are views of modified forms.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing,wherein like reference characters indicate corresponding parts, the numeral 1 designates a carburetor which may be of any well'known type, such, for instance, as disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 254,599, or my Patent No. 1,260,594.

Leading from the carburetor for convey ing intermixed air and fuel in a vaporized form is theconducting conduit or manifold; 13, the passage of the gaseous vapor there'- through being controlled by the throttle valve C, the gaseous vapor being conducted through themaiiifold to the engine cylinders as indicated by the arrows.

Completelysurrounding the manifold or vapor conducting pipe B of the carburetor is a chamber D to which air heated by passage tlirough' ,tlieradiator E surrounding the exhaust pipe 'F or otherwise is introduced, being conducted through the chamber and entering thesaine through the inlet G, passing around the manifold B which takes a circuitous course through the chamber,

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this air serving to prevent condensation of the gaseous vapor while passing through the conducting conduit and to also bring about a vaporization of ungasitied or liquid particles of fuel that have entered the conduit from the carburetor in a mannerwhich will hereinafter appear. The air entering the chamber D'through the inlet G, after passing therearound, is conducted through the pipe H to the carburetor to be intermixed with the fuel fed thereto through the fuel feeding nozzle F to vaporize this fuel which is then delivered to the engine. It will be understood that the suction of the engine draws the air through the heating stove G into the chamber D and through the fuel feeding passage F, it being obvious that the heated air thus introduced to the carburetor will bring about a prompt vaporiza tion of the fuel and the passage of this air around the manifold also serves to prevent condensation of the vaporized mixture on its way to the engine cylinders.

The chamber D may be of any preferred construction, but is preferably of the formation disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 254,599, being of a two-part formation, the halves of the casing being inclicated by the reference characters a and a, and having their meeting peripheral flanges 64 securely held together and in spaced rclation to the manifold 13 (thereby forming the chamber D) by the bolt or its equivalent a In all carbureting apparatus it has been found that many ungasified particles of fuel pass from the carburetor with the vaporized fuel, the quantity depending upon the fuel quality in many instances as well as other conditions, and these liquid particles, when introduced to the engine cylinders, are the source of much trouble, generally lowering and impairing the efliciency of the engine, it

being recognized that the only fuel suitable for explosion in an internal combustion engine is one that is in a complete vaporized form and contains no liquid or ungasitied substances. The heated air passing through the feed pipe H and past the feed nozzle F results in a vaporization of most of the fuel introduced to the carburetor mixing chamber F but liquid or ungasified parti cles of this fuel, especially the heavier substances, do not thoroughly vaporize and these particles are carried with the vaporized fuel in the direction indicated by arrows in Fig. 1, passing through a portion of the manifold, and to collect or trap the same so as to render the vapor to be introduced to the engine free of all ungasified substances, a sump lis disposed within the manifold B into which the unvaporized particles of fuel are deposited, dropping down into the nozzle J. The incoming air passing around the manifold in the heating chamber D is, of course, under velocity, due to the suction of the engine pistons, and this air rushes through the open end K of the feeding tube or jet J, blowing the particlesof fuel through this jet so as to vaporize the same to be delivered back to the engine manifold in a thoroughly vaporized condition. It will thus be seen that any and all ungasified particles of the fuel that pass out into the manifold are trapped or moved from the gaseous vapor prior to its introduction to the engine cylinders, and these liquid particles are then vaporized and redelivered to the yaporized mixture on its way to the cylinders.

In Fig. 2, l have shown a modified form of the invention, wherein the manifold is formed with a sump or collecting recess 1 having inclined walls for trapping the ungasified particles of fuel carried in the gaseous vapor, which fuel is delivered through a bore d disposed within the manifold structure and vaporized and blown into the stream of gaseous vapors by the action of the air current in the heating chamber D passing through a restricted opening K. This structure is preferable at times to the construction disclosed in Fig. 1, it beingapparent that in some instances the ungasified collecting sumpin the engine manifold for trapping the fuel should preferably be wider than disclosed in F ig. 1.

in Fig. 3 another form of the present invention is disclosed. wherein. the vapor conducting manifold B passing through the heating chamber D takes a substantially circular course. the vaporized mixture passing therethr'ough as indicated, any liquid or ungasified particles being deposited within the collecting recess: J located in the lower por= tion of the manifold, which particles freely flow into the jet K through a feed orifice K air entering the jet at one end from the chamber D- se-rving to vaporize the fuel and force the same back into the manifold in a vaporized condition to be conducted to the engine. through the substantially circular conducting manifold B readily permits the ungasitied particles to separate therefrom by what may be termed a centrifugal action, these particles, of course, flowing into the trap J from where they are redelivered in a vaporized form to the manifold td be conducted to the engine. I

In Figs. 4 and 5 still further forms of the invention are disclosed. vaporized mixture is discharged into a receiver L of substantially circular formation passing therearound as indicated by arrows, and entering a substantially U-shap-ed portion of the manifold M that is open along one side, the vapor passing on through this portion of the manifold or conducting pipe into the engine cylinders, while unvaporized particles of the fuel drop into the open end of the jet M and are discharged through The vaporized fuel when passing In Fig. 4, the

accuses the: oppositely dispose-cl nozzles, located near one end thereof, in a vaporized form under the influence of the gaseous vapors passing through the chamber L, in this instance no inco-n'iing air being taken frem the heating chamber 19, but the vaporizatioirof the liquid particles; of the fuel: is accomplished due to. the passage of apart of the. vaporized; fuel through the nozzles with: the .ungasitiedf trapped; port-ions. InFJig. 5, the gaseous mixture is: introduced into a Substantially circular container L,v which is, of the same construction asthe container L disclosed in! Fig. -l the mixture passing up around the walls of the container. and being depositedinto the open side of the dischargeconduit or manifold M: to be. delivered through the usual engine manifold to the cylinders. In this instance, the ungasitied particles of the fuel that are suspended therein drop into the trap or trough L from which the liquid particles pass through the feed nozzle M. In this construction there is disclosed an air conducting pipe. N leading from the up 'ier portion of the air chamber D, which pi )e conveys the heated air under pressure to the nozzle M, serving to vaporize and discharge the previously ung'asifie-d particles of fuel. back intothe gaseous mixture passing through the chamber L to be delivered to the engine cylinders. In each of these con structions, it will be. manifest that all of the liquid or ungasified substances suspended in the vaporized mixture are trapped or moved therethrough prior to the delivery of the mixture to the engine cylinders. gasified substances thus trapped are vapor izcd by the air currents and in their vaporized form. redelivered to the manifold to be conveyed to the engine cylinders for explosion.

While I have described the vapor conducting conduits B and M in. the several forms of the invention as manifolds, it. will, of course, be understood that this term is used in its broadest sense and is meant to cover any conducting conduit or pipe establishing a communication between the carburetor and the engine cylinders.

From the foregoing, it is believed that the operation of the system entirely clear, but the same may bev briefly stated as follows:

Upon a restriction of the engine pistons a suction is created, this causing air to be drawn through the stove E around the exhaust by serving to heat the same, from where the air is drawn into the chamber D surrounding the manifold to prevent a condensation of the vapors passing from the carburetor to the engine, which air is then delivered through the pipe 11, as shown in Fig. 1, into the fuel feeding passage F. A vaporization of the fuel then takes place and the gaseous vapors are carried back into the manifold B to be delivered to the engine,

The un- 7 any and all ungasifiedparticles of the fuel izationthereof and discharging the same,

when in a vaporized form, directlyinto the manifold B to be conveyed to the engine.

llhe foregoing is the operation of the i construction as disclosed in Fig. 1,"but the operation of the other structures is, of course, similar, the same action taking place in each instance.

What I claim is:

1.. The combination with a carburetor and intake passage of an internal combustion engine, of a heating chamber therefor" through which said engine passage passes, means for admitting heated air to said chamber, means for collecting ungasified particles of fuel from the vaporized mixture passing through the fuel intake passage, and means for subjecting the ungasified fuel to the direct action of the heated air in the heating chamber to vaporize thesame for delivery to the fuel intake passage.

2. The combination with a carburetor with an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, of a heating chamber surrounding said manifold for receiving air drawn therethrough on its Way tothe carburetor by the engine, means for collecting ungasified particles of fuel passing through the manifold with the gaseous mixture, and

means for subjecting the collected ungasified particles to the action of some of the air passing through the heating chamber to deliver said particles in a vaporized condi tion to the manifold.

3. The combination with a carburetor and an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, of a heating chamber surrounding said manifold for receiving air drawn therethrough on its way to the carburetor by the engine, meansfor collecting ungasified particles of fuel passing through the manifold with the gaseous mixture, and means for sub3ectmg the collected ungaslfied particles to the action of some of the air passing through the heating chamber to deliver said particles in a vaporized condition to the manifold, said means comprising a fuel discharge nozzle, and a communication between said nozzle and the heating chamber through which air passes for mixture with the ungasified particles to vaporize the same for redelivery to the manifold.

4. The combination with a carburetor and an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, of a heating chamber surrounding said manifold forreceiving heated air, a passage formingcommunication between the manifold and heating chamber, and means for collecting the ungasified particles of fluid passing through the manifold With the gaseous mixture and introducing the same to the passage to be acted on by a current of the heated air and redelivered to the manifold in a vaporized condition.

5. The combination With a carburetor and an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, of a heating chamber surrounding said manifold for receiving heated air, a passage forming communication between the-manifold and heating chamber, and an opening communicating with the passage 6. The combination With a carburetor and an intake ,manifold of an internal combustion engine, of a heating chamber surrounding said manifold for receiving heated air, a passage forming communication between the manifold and heating chamber, and a formation Within the manifoldfor collecting the ungasified particles of fluid passing through the manifold With the gaseous mixture and introducing the same through the passage in position to be acted on by a current of the heated air and redelivered to the manifold in vaporized condition.

In testimony whereof Iher'eunto affix-my signature in the presence of .tWo Witnesses.

' JOHN W. SWAN. 

